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Frances Wright
Frances Wright (September 6, 1795 – December 13, 1852) also widely known as Fanny Wright, was a Scottish-born lecturer, writer, freethinker, feminist, abolitionist, and social reformer, who became a U. S. citizen in 1825. That year she founded the Nashoba Commune in Tennessee as a utopian community to prepare slaves for emancipation, intending to create an egalitarian place, but it lasted only three years. Her ''Views of Society and Manners in America'' (1821) brought her the most attention as a critique of the new nation.
==Early life and education==
Frances Wright was one of three children born in Dundee, Scotland, to Camilla Campbell and James Wright, a wealthy linen manufacturer and political radical. Her father designed Dundee trade tokens, knew Adam Smith and corresponded with French republicans, including Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette. Both parents died young, and Fanny (as she was called as a child) was orphaned at the age of three, but left with a substantial inheritance. Her maternal aunt became her guardian and took Fanny to her home in England. Her guardian taught her ideas founded on the philosophy of the French materialists.〔
Upon her coming of age at 16, Fanny returned to Scotland, where she lived with her great-uncle James Mylne,〔(Frances Wright biography ), www.monticello.org, Confirmed October 26, 2013〕 and spent her winters in study and writing and her summers visiting the Scottish Highlands. By the age of 18, she had written her first book.
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